Two Countries Possess Two Different Educational Sytems

Is Another Country’s Educational System Better? Without a doubt, various nations may have distinctive instructive frameworks however who knows which of them is better. I am a global understudy who originated from Malaysia, a nation which is situated in Southeast Asia at that point went to the United States, a nation which is far separated from my nation of origin, to seek after an advanced education. A considerable lot of my companions frequently ask me whether Malaysia or the United States is better however I was unable to answer them with sureness since I think every nation is inimitable.Although the span that I have been to the states isn't long, I found that the training frameworks are unmistakable between my nation of origin and the United States. Along these lines, every nation has its own quirk as there are sure dissimilarities in the instructive framework regarding decides and reviewing frameworks that exist between two countries. As a matter of first importance, the d ifference of guidelines in instructive framework is one of the variables that lead the nation into the current situation on the planet today. Obvious, the greater part of the schools in Asia, for example, Malaysia, have harder guidelines than in the United States.For model, school uniform and limitations on hairs are obligatory for understudies during their understudy vocation. This inspiration is on the grounds that the administration feels that students will look increasingly sorted out and proficient as in the appearance. In the opposite, understudies in the United State are significantly more over the top as they are allowed to wear any kind of dress that they appreciate wearing. Both of the rules in every nation are right however the one which is utilizing in my nation of origin will influence the reflection of the understudies due to the limitation on choice that they were acclimated to.Not just that, students have no rights and isn't permitted to chat while the teacher is edu cating on the grounds that it is considered as an interference on the off chance that you aim to address anybody. While in the United State, understudies consistently ask the teacher with respect to the wavering they have at the top of the priority list quickly, in contrast to the understudies in my nation. They are urged to trade their own feelings with instructors. To put it plainly, the principles and guidelines in the two nations are extraordinary, however it isn't our place to make a judgment in the event that one country is better over another in light of the fact that they are interesting in their own way.Moreover, aside from school’s mandates, these two spots utilize various methodologies in the evaluation framework. Irrefutably, the greater part of the Asia nations center around the assessment more than the students’ investment in the class. For instance, understudies can at present get an exceptional evaluation regardless of whether they don't present their s choolwork as indicated by the calendar that the educator, as long as they concentrate for the assessment. Truly, this framework isn't impartial for those understudies that partake in the class as they just accomplish the equivalent outcome with the understudies that don't participate in the class.Furthermore, in one paper, it was expressed that instructors these days center around showing the materials that depended on the test which can assist understudies with achieving better scores, however would cause a diminishing degree of information for this generation’s understudies. Then again, the scoring framework in America is an opposite adaptation of my nation of origin. It is incomprehensible for understudies here to accomplish a â€Å"A† in any event, when they score magnificent imprints for the entirety of their tests on the grounds that the framework here focus more on the support of understudies, however not simply the scores.Unlike Malaysia, instructors in America help students to get and retain information which can profit themselves in the remainder of their lives. Consequently, these two districts have unmistakable evaluating frameworks, yet is the motivation behind why they are unique. Taking everything into account, the training framework that every nation is having now makes them flighty; we were unable to choose whether it isn't right or right. Unquestionably, without question, a few people would feel that the framework in America is better a result of its present status on the planet today however no one can decide it.On the contrary side, the framework in my nation of origin, which is Malaysia, is more thorough than where I am concentrating now. Be that as it may, I was unable to tell which of them is better on the grounds that them two have its own shortcomings and qualities. Despite the fact that we don't care for a portion of the frameworks in training, we ought to adjust and get information in the manner it is figured as. Each c ountry has an alternate instructive framework, however no one can choose which of them is better.

Cash payment made on quarterly or semi-annual basic by company to its shareholders. The WritePass Journal

Money installment made on quarterly or semi-yearly essential by organization to its investors. Money installment made on quarterly or semi-yearly essential by organization to its investors. IntroductionIs the company’s profit strategy unimportant to its market value?Bird-in-the-handReferenceRelated Presentation A profit is a dispersion of after-charge benefit. It is a money installment made on quarterly or semi-yearly essential by organization to its investors. Toward the finish of the each money related year each organization needs to choose (profit choice) how much measure of procuring to be held by the organization and how much add up to be dispersed to investors. The profit choice is significant in light of the fact that it influences the measure of inside sourced fund accessible and furthermore influences the arrival got by investors on the shares. Once the organization chose to deliver profits, they may set up a to some degree perpetual profit strategy, which may show the effect of the speculators and the budgetary markets. Setting up a specificâ dividendâ policyâ is to the upside of both the organization and the investor. The appropriation of profits requires the endorsement of the governing body and paid out to investors half a month later. There are a few dates between the occ asions the board proclaims the profit until the profit is really paid. The primary date of note is the revelation date which the leading group of chief proclaims the time or date is reported. The following date of note is ex-profit date which time financial specialists more likely than not purchased the stock to get the profit. The financial specialist, who purchasing the stock after ex-profit date isn't accepting any profit, record date, is a couple of days after the ex-profit date the organization close its stock exchange books and make up a rundown of the investor, who will get the profit. The last advance is installment date which the checks of profit will send to the investors. There are various kinds of profit, which are money or as extra stock which increment the quantity of offers remarkable and for the most part decrease the cost per share, ordinary profit which is paid at standard stretches, or an extraordinary profit which is delivered notwithstanding normal profit and ex changing profit which are overabundance of the held winning they appear on their book. There exist four fundamental sorts of profit strategy speculations Modigliani and Miller (1961) profit Irrelevancy hypothesis, Linter and Gordon (winged animal in-the-hand) Theory, Signaling properties of profit and customers impact. Is the company’s profit strategy unimportant to its reasonable worth? One of the money related scholars (Miller and Modigliani, 1961) gives a recommendation to profit strategy insignificance. They accept that ideal capital markets, which means no assessments or exchange costs exist, the market cost has numerous purchaser or dealer, and there is costless and feely access to data. Modigliani and Miller express that profit strategy was not one of the determinants of offer value .Share esteem is autonomous of the degree of profit paid. A firm deliver profit is superfluous and those investors are uninterested about accepting profit. For instance, from the part of financial specialist, that the organization delivered too huge profit, speculator could purchase more impart to the profit that is over the investor’s desires. Likewise if the organization delivered too little profit, a financial specialist could sell a portion of the company’s offer to mirror the income their normal. Market estimation of organization its expense of capital is free of its capital structure. As indicated by their contention profit strategy is unaffected and immateriality of piece of the overall industry cost .Should the organization pay out to its investors or hold that cash to make new extend. Modigliani and Millers profit unimportance hypothesis says that financial specialists can influence their arrival on a stock paying little mind to the stocks profit Lingering Policy Modigliani and Miller contended that money related target is boost investor riches when the offer cost is amplified. Investors are unconcerned among profits and capital increase. Organization is utilized M Residual profit strategy when an organization embrace all positive NPV venture and delivered out the lingering as profit. On the other hand an organization with insufficient assets to contribute new undertaking, delivered no profit and the extra assets can acquire from outside sources. They were contending that if organization followed the best speculation strategy the estimation of organization is immateriality to its profit strategy. They additionally contend that investors are likewise apathetic regarding the planning of profit installment in such a case that there were no profits the market estimation of organization would increment to reflect as future profit and offer cost is additionally expanding coming about because of the profits of speculation. A profit strategy is unimp ortant in light of the fact that investors can make â€Å"homemade† profits that imply that capital addition isn't ideal appropriate for profit in income terms. This salary is accomplished by people modifying their own portfolios to mirror their own inclinations. For instance a few investors like to get consistent of salary are bound to put resources into bonds, which premium installment don’t change ,as opposed to profit â€paying stock, which worth can vacillate. Winged creature in-the-hand On different hands, Lintner (1962) and Gordon (1963) accept that organization profit arrangements are applicable to their offer cost. Under states of vulnerability and flawed capital market ,he contended â€Å"bird-in-the-hand† hypothesis that speculator can decrease the budgetary hazard related with their venture if the arrival is gotten as profit before, instead of capital addition or higher profits later. On this examination, current profit speak to less hazardous than future capital increase. Hence, organization delivering higher profit will be more worth than organization delivering lower profit. Profit strategy is one of the significance components of deciding offer cost. Gorden contended that the installment of current profits â€Å"determine financial specialist uncertainty†. The key presumption, as contended by Lintner and Gordon, is that in light of the less unsafe nature profits, investors and financial specialists will limit the firm’s profit stream a t a lower pace of return, â€Å"r†, along these lines expanding the estimation of the firm’s shares. As indicated by profit development model, the estimation of a conventional offer, Po is given by: Po=D1/(r-g) Where the consistent profit development rate is signified by g, r is the investor’s required pace of return and D1, speak to the following profit installments. Hence the lower r is according to the estimation of profit installment D1, the more prominent the share’s esteem. In the investor’s see, as indicated by Linter and Gordon, r the arrival from the profit, is less unsafe than the future development rate g. oppapers.com/eassys/Bird-In-Hand/536314 Flagging impact of profit This hypothesis contended that money related data is awry and directors will consistently know more than investors about the future budgetary possibilities of the organization. The profit pronounced can be deciphered as a sign from executives to investors about the quality of basic venture incomes. Expanding profit is typically observed as uplifting news, demonstrating that the organization has inspirational possibilities. The hypothesis of profit flagging has generally alludes to a money appropriation of hold income. jstor.org/pss/2328393 Reference Watson, D. what's more, Head, A. (2010) Corporate fund Principles Practice.5th version. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.

Describe climate and soil classifications, using raw data and thematic Essay

Portray atmosphere and soil groupings, utilizing crude information and topical maps - Essay Example The primary target of this examination is to assess the convenience of landsite, topical mapper to help in soil arrangement in Johannesburg in South Africa. Atmosphere framework depends on the area of hot and cold air-mass district and the barometrical dissemination made in terms of professional career twists in wester-lies. South Africa soil order depends on the area and the sort of atmosphere being experienced and the area of the spot. Topical mapper (TM) scene from the Johannesburg, in South Africa, mapped with the dirt scientific categorization framework turns into the favored city of consideration. All things considered four detecting approaches were made to decide the best strategy to recognize soil mapping-units. They were named as straightforward, specialized, scaled and complex methodologies. The consent to utilize the TM information was tried utilizing the framework approach in a directed grouping, where phantom marks were chosen by distinctness investigation and applying the changed difference strategy. The table completely portrays the whole methodologies that were used by the climatologists to get their information. The factual precision and the information decrease of a thirty years length makes specialized methodology of acquiring information the most proper in this circumstance. Checking and evaluating the condition of earth and its atmosphere is the key necessity to the worldwide change look into. Overseeing atmosphere and vegetation, requires a great deal of study that is a lot of complex than that of soil grouping. The characterization and mapping of vegetation is a tedious procedure and it takes researcher and specialists for exact information to be depended upon. The utilization of Koppen atmosphere order framework is the most broadly utilized for characterizing world atmosphere in both a straightforward and confused house. Arrangement framework utilize today was created from the one presented by the Russian-German climatologist Koppen in 1900. He partitioned Earth’s climatic locales to for the most part harmonize with world example of

System Software and Network Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Framework Software and Network Security - Essay Example The distributed computing has been encircled by much promotion just as showcasing procedures of how the IT framework will in the long run be set in the â€Å"Cloud† in the event that one needs to keep at pace with the mechanical advances. It’s generally satisfactory that there is a wide cluster of advantages gathering from distributed computing. This incorporates quick organization, versatility, business dexterity, and lower costs (Hurwitz, 2009). Notwithstanding these accumulating benefits, there is an extraordinary threat to a cloud client. With new suppliers developing every day offering the cloud based administrations, this makes it hard for future cloud adopters to embrace due ingenuity and appropriate assessment of the alternatives. At whatever point the organization settles on the sort of cloud (open, private, half and half) (Furht, 2010) just as the cloud service(IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) which best suits its particular foundation and the business needs, the following s ignificant undertaking ought to be to pick the one explicit seller who can offer the above types of assistance placing into thought both expense and execution. Right now there are no all inclusive guidelines with which a client can use to assess the diverse cloud specialist co-ops which make the whole procedure very testing. All things considered there are a couple of rules that an organization should set up before choosing the best cloud specialist co-op. Most regular reasons why organizations are being attracted to this sort of cloud administration is that it offers great decision for organizations having complex applications running on the organization claimed equipment framework. The companies’ further advantage by maintaining a strategic distance from the forthright capital equipment speculations since this... The paper explains to that most regular reasons why organizations are being attracted to this kind of cloud administration is that it offers great decision for organizations having complex applications running on the organization claimed equipment framework. The companies’ further advantage by staying away from the forthright capital equipment speculations since this specific model depends on the compensation per-utilize model. Before moving parts or the whole IT framework to the cloud, organizations need to state down the particular assistance prerequisites the organization needs as far as help, security, checking. Required Storage Space: You have to place into thought the space you require while you are showcasing for a distributed storage supplier. This encourages you ascertain the genuine expense per GB and this will help with picking the best supplier just as the best arrangement that really accommodates your business needs at the most reasonable cost. On the off chance t hat the extra room is a constrained one, there are various free distributed storage administrations accessible and can offer anyplace between 1GB to 500GBs. Estimating: this is consistently another significant thought. Care ought to be taken while picking the real cost as well as the best estimating model. One have to check if the supplier offers the pay more only as costs arise plans or the fixed value plans. Similarity: this is likewise a significant factor to consider. You have to build up the number just as the different kinds of stages that the different suppliers support. This is significant particularly on the off chance that you will get to your documents utilizing a wide range of gadgets and stages.

Mrs Dalloway Essay Topics - Writing for Your Professors

Mrs Dalloway Essay Topics - Writing for Your ProfessorsIf you're having trouble deciding on Mrs Dalloway essay topics, this article will give you some ideas to get you started. It's important to consider several factors when writing your essay for college or a professional career. You'll want to know what the school expects you to write, how long it will take you to complete the assignment, and if there are any revisions you may need to make.You'll first need to choose a topic that can be studied by a smaller group, so that you can get feedback on your understanding of the subject. A discussion can be beneficial when deciding on essay topics, as long as you are able to include the kind of guidance they offer in your essay. Assignments for these types of topics should also be short and concise.In addition to deciding on essay topics that you will likely complete in a smaller group, you'll also want to consider the length of the essay for a Mrs Dalloway writing class. Remember that the essay is one of the most important parts of a college or professional career guide. You'll need to be able to tell the class how you read the book and learn about the style of the author, which means you need to know how long it takes you to read the book and understand it. Make sure to take a look at your English composition book to see how long each chapter will take you to read.If you are unsure about what you're going to write about, start by reading the subject to determine how well you know the topic. Although Mrs Dalloway's novels are centered on romance, they aren't all about love. You may choose to focus on the subject, but you don't have to.You'll also want to find a topic that fits with the type of writing you want to do in college or after graduation, as well as your professional career. For example, you could choose a character from a book about women who work in the government, or you could write about an athlete. You might be more comfortable writing about a sportspe rson than you would be writing about a politician. Choose a topic that fits with your interests, and the style you are most comfortable with.When you're choosing essay topics, you will also want to consider how long it will take you to complete the assignment. It's OK to take several breaks between each section, so long as you stay on track to finish the assignment on time. Again, you should look at your English composition book to see how long each chapter will take you to read.Finally, you'll want to decide whether or not there are any revisions you will need to make before the deadline for the assignment. If you chose essay topics that require more time than a short essay, you may need to make some revisions to the essay before you submit it. Keep in mind that you will be penalized for a late essay, and the essay may be rejected if it isn't complete at the end of the deadline. The best way to avoid these problems is to pick topics that don't require you to revise it, so it will b e easy to complete.When choosing essay topics, remember that you should choose something that will fit your needs and your writing style. Remember that a good essay is supposed to be an effective communication, and you should be able to convey your ideas to your classmates and the readers. Make sure that you carefully consider all of the above factors when choosing essay topics for your class.

Breastfeeding and Formula Feeding Essay Sample

Breastfeeding and Formula Feeding Essay Sample Breastfeeding vs Formula Feeding If one thinks that the fiercest verbal battles are underway among politicians, he can be disappointed. Moms are the most passionate warriors when it goes on how to bring up a child. And one of the most ‘holy war’ topics is the kind of feeding to choose for a baby. The gist of the problem is the ability to choose: it is a pretty complicated process for everyone â€" to make choice. But even harder is to protect this choice later, to stay sure it is the best; otherwise a person feels uncomfortable, loses confidence and self-respect. There are several criteria for selecting breastfeeding or formula feeding. Benefit for a baby. According to the latest discoveries, breast milk is the only useful ‘food’ for a baby because of its composition. It contains all necessary substances, microelements, and vitamins for a baby’s growth and health; moreover, it is unique for each baby and it forms baby’s immunity, helps to adjust a digestive system’s excellent work. The formula is inferior in all aspects comparing it with breast milk in terms of benefit. Mother’s convenience and comfort. From one side, breastfeeding allows travelling without worrying of how to feed baby safely. It is possible anywhere and whenever. From the other side, a mother may not leave a child with someone more than for an hour or two, and it limits her social opportunities. Besides, no alcohol or nicotine, or junk food. So the only way to make a decision is a question of priorities â€" what is more crucial: to provide a baby with the perfect, clean food or desire/necessity to spend time without a baby and satisfy you with harmful substances. Affection and love between a mother and a child. There is no measurement tool that could display a level of feelings. There is no reliable evidence of having more intimacy and affection between a breastfeeding mom and her child than between a mom who chooses the formula. Only conjectures, psychology, and experience. Naturalness. Definitely, breastfeeding is totally natural, there is no a subject to discuss. But the formula feeding supports the claim that if we do not follow all natural instincts and habits of our ancestors, and use the results of progress in other fields, why should we do it in regard to feeding a baby? Ecology. Production of the formula, bottles, and related devices consume many, many resources and causes additional pollution of the environment. Mother’s health. There are researches announcing that breastfeeding reduces the likelihood of breast cancer. But there are no appropriate conditions to make these researches absolutely worthy of trust. So how to choose? The decision should be based on mother’s priorities, lifestyle, worldview, and â€" what is of the biggest importance â€" on full and proved information. It means that when the formula producers declare that the formula can substitute the breast milk it is lie. When they tell that there are mothers who have not breast milk or cannot feed their children it is not lie but manipulation because these cases are quite rare and are connected with diseases or exceptional circumstances. So yes, sometimes the formula is the only way to feed a baby (when there is no a wet nurse or donor breast milk), but in most cases it is merely the issue of choice that must be reasonable, weighted, and sound.

Birmingham Business School Msc International Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Using either the Varieties of Capitalism or the National Systems of Innovation approach compare and contrast the national business or innovation systems of two countries of your choice. Discuss some of the practical implications for international business practitioners of these national differences. Introduction The concept of National Systems of Innovation (NSI) has been gaining importance in past few decades owing to its close connectivity with the intellectual and practical applications. One of important international organization OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) has recognized and adopted this conception and encouraged further research and study for the benefit of nations. In the recent years the NSI has attracted the attention of the developing countries to address certain serious economic problems. Various economists treat this as having potential to highlight the root causes for the difference in economic development. They also believe that this would also serve as a powerful framework that can reveal new policies and create institutions that are capable of bridging these differences. What is a National Innovation System? The answer to the question can be partly derived from the very term National Innovation Systems. Innovation is seen as the creation of new processes, products or services based on the advances in technology, change in market demand or a combination of the two (Pavitt, 1994). These new processes, products or services once commercialized aids in economic growth. Therefore it becomes obvious that nations are interested in utilizing the opportunity to build an approach (system) through innovation that causes economic growth. This innovation is made possible through research and interactions. The inclusion of interactions is important as innovation is considered as a social process rather than a process that happens only in research labs. The idea of interactions triggers other aspects of social systems such as national institutions, universities, business firms, government policies, laws and regulations which greatly influence these interactions. To be precise the National Innova tion Systems focuses on the flow of technology and information through the social systems such as firms, institutions and people. The complex set of relationships between the actors of these social systems results in innovation and technological development. Therefore identification and understanding the nature of these linkages is important to build a framework. Here much emphasis is given to the determinants and organization of innovation action Figure 1 : Significance of NIS for economic success Various theories have been published by a number of authors, who tried to explain NSI focusing on various aspects of innovation. Some of the widely noted and accepted definitions are given below. Definitions: The network of institutions in the public- and private-sectors whose activities and interactions initiate, import, modify and diffuse new technologies (Freeman, 1987) His definition of NSI focuses on the importance of networks of relationships that is essential for any firm to innovate and develop. His core argument is that the national educational institutions, industrial relationships, technical and scientific institutions, government policies, regulations and cultural traditions have an influence on the innovation systems and is very fundamental. The elements and relationships which interact in the production, diffusion and use of new, and economically useful knowledge and are either located within or rooted inside the borders of a nation state (Lundvall, 1992) Lundvalls approach aims at understanding the national innovation systems in the broad sense. Innovation is viewed as an ongoing cumulative process which is just not incremental but also involves diffusion and a bsorption. He also introduces many sources of innovation and mainly considers NIS as an interactive process between various bodies such as firms, network of firms, educational institutions, labor markets etc that determine what kind of innovation takes place in the national system. Developed Nations Vs Developing Nations The Innovation systems framework operates on the policies and procedures the nation employs. It is quite evident that there is a clear distinction between the National Innovation Systems of developed nations and developing nations. Developed nations have attained the stage where innovation and economic development has crossed the acceptable limit. They just need to maintain already established level. On the other hand there are these developing nations who are struggling with catching up of the growth factors. Creating policies that pick up research or improving the science and technology studies inside universities would not be sufficient as there is less absorptive capabilities that can disseminate modern knowledge and technology. That is the current challenge for the developing nations and hence policies and rules should aid the process of improving the conditions gradually. This explains that there is clear variation of the forms and policies of the developed nations to t hat of the developing nations. It is interesting to understand what these challenges would be and how nations actually build policies and procedures that aid growth and also the areas where they can improve on. The choice of the policies must be well analyzed and therefore we look to choose certain common variables that developing nations rely on for improving economic growth. A comparative case study on two developing countries Brazil and Korea provide insight into the various policies and decisions that individual nations applied to improve their economic conditions. A Comparative Case Study: Before we begin detailed study on these nations, we need to organize the comparison with various variables that determine the national innovation systems for these nations. The comparison begins here with these variables and move towards how each nation applied these different variables to elevate their economic status. Some countries were successful in applying them for their growth some fell short. These variables are listed below: Research and Development (R D) : Research is the mother of innovation. Any development that happens requires considerable analysis. This is made possible via dedicated research labs, University Institutions and inside business firms. A nation focusing on R D would definitely benefit and lead an innovative growth. Hence looking at R D as one of the variables for NSI seems essential. Educational Systems and Human Capital Investments: Educational systems create base for any creativity that can happen at subsequent changes. The educational systems form the fundamental knowledge bank. Improved and sophisticated educational systems help the nation to build the absorptive capabilities. Therefore developing nations have to create the future relying on imparting knowledge to nations population. Foreign Direct Investments: FDI, play a major role for imbibing the newer technologies as everything and anything is new to the under developed nations. The developed nations already attained and improved on the available technology and would want to explore newer locations. Hence developing nations should take good advantage of the available technology through FDIs. The manner in which the developing nations formulate and utilize this advantage is what that contributes to the nations success. Government Financial Policies: The government policies contribute a lot for shaping the nations focus and growth. Introducing tax benefits, relaxing trade barriers, giving concessions on certain establishments play a major role to improve the condition. They encourage setting up institutions that aid R D. These forms and policies therefore become one of the determinants of National Innovation Systems. Brazil Vs Korea: A Comparative Study: The case study is performed in tabulation to ensure clear distinction of the various view points. They are presented below: Implications to the International Business Practitioners: We have noted few interesting points that determine the National Innovation systems of a nation. The practical implications as an international Business practitioner are summarized below: Location Preferences: An international Business person might be interested in investing in another country ( location). The NIS framework of that particular nation helps determine the feasibility of setting up a firm. Reveals the availability of skilled resources: One of the factors of determining the establishment of a firm or business venture, would be to analyze the work force available in that particular location. Highly skilled labor from a developing nation is a point of interest for various reasons. The quality of the work expected greatly depends on this factor. Availability of Infrastructure: This is seen as an added advantage and aids the business person to take decision as transportation; communication costs etc, add up and affect the profit margins. They also determine the feasibility of starting a new business as poor facilities do not attract foreign investments. Government Policies: The government policies play a major role as trade barriers, tax rules, investment plans, concessions etc influence the business activities conducted in a foreign location. Conclusion: Thus understanding the NIS framework greatly helps nations understand their current state of growth and also gives insight of the areas where improved methodologies can be implemented. Further study and research into the subject would reveal interesting facts about how nations operate and develop policies. It would also help speculate future economic conditions and trends. Hence NIS forms one of the important subjects of interest.